# The $B Token (/docs/btoken)
Backing reserves use the [Baseline Value (BLV)](/docs/how-it-works/blv) to determine how much reserves to allocate for a given circulating supply:
$$
y_{backing} = P_{blv} \cdot c
$$
Buffer reserves follow a power-law curve based on a ratio between circulating supply and pool inventory:
$$
y_{buffer}\cdot \left(\frac{x}{c}\right)^2 = K
$$
The invariant maintains a constant K by adjusting buffer reserves based on the inventory ratio (x/c):
* **High circulation** (x is small, c is large): Inventory ratio is low, so buffer reserves are large. The pool deploys deep liquidity to facilitate price discovery as tokens trade actively.
* **Low circulation** (x is large, c is small): Inventory ratio is high, so buffer reserves shrink. The pool withdraws liquidity as it absorbs supply, transitioning from price discovery to price protection at the floor.
In other words, the pool automatically scales buffer reserves based on how much supply is circulating, preventing the low-float, high-FDV distortions that plague traditional AMMs.
As trading happens, BMM captures value through the use of [dynamic fees](/docs/how-it-works/fees). This excess value is directed to increasing the BLV.
## Benefits of BMM
* **Token-Owned Liquidity:** Instead of depending on unreliable counterparties, BMM operates programmatically, transparently and in perpetuity.
* **Value Accrual**: By managing its own liquidity, the token captures trading fees as revenue, and grows its own value over time.
* **Efficient Markets**: BMM creates efficient markets by allocating liquidity intelligently based on circulating supply and pool inventory.
# Fees (/docs/how-it-works/fees)
Baseline charges fees on trades that flow back to the token's balance sheet. Every trade increases the floor price, making trading activity directly strengthen the token's value.
## How Fees Work
Fees adapt based on where the trade occurs relative to the floor price:
**On Sells:**
* Fee charged on the **premium portion** (above BLV)
* Higher premiums pay higher fees
* Distressed sells near the floor pay almost nothing
This protects sellers who need to exit during market stress. If you're selling near the floor, you're already taking a loss - the fee structure doesn't punish you further.
**On Buys:**
* Fee charged on the **BLV portion**
* Consistent fee capture on the stable component
This ensures consistent revenue capture regardless of where the price is trading above the floor.
## Benefits of Fees
* **Floor Growth**: Fees accumulate in backing reserves, permanently raising BLV with every trade.
* **Revenue Generation**: The token monetizes its own trading activity instead of paying market makers.
* **Aligned Incentives**: More trading volume means higher floor prices for all holders.
* **Distressed Seller Protection**: Sellers near the floor pay minimal fees - no punishment for exiting during stress.
# Overview (/docs/how-it-works/overview)
At its core, every Baseline token is managed by the [Baseline Market Maker (BMM)](/docs/how-it-works/bmm), a novel AMM that allocates liquidity more intelligently, facilitating better price discovery and creating more efficient token markets.
## Why It Matters
Most markets today use central limit order books to allocate liquidity. This approach requires every project to negotiate deals to bootstrap liquidity, and have professional market makers to actively manage quotes. In a world where most assets are issued digitally at an accelerating pace, this is no longer a viable solution.
Algorithmic Market Makers (AMMs) solve this by replacing active management with a bonding curve, a mathematical formula that quotes prices automatically using pooled liquidity. This approach, however, treats liquidity separate from the token, creating problems:
* **Liquidity mismatch**: Pools quote without knowing float, causing either low-float pumps (too much liquidity) or death spirals (too little liquidity)
* **Value leakage**: Most popular AMMs deploy liquidity even when they should protect reserves
* **Death spirals**: Without awareness of circulating supply, the AMM is unable to backstop negative market reflexivity, causing tokens to trend to zero.
The Baseline Market Maker (BMM) enables Baseline tokens to move beyond limitations of traditional markets to programmable markets that actively grow the economies they represent.
## How It Works
Token-owned liquidity tracks circulating supply ($c$), pool inventory ($x$) and pool reserves ($y$) in a single smart contract. Pool reserves are split into backing reserves and buffer reserves:
$$
y = y_{backing} + y_{buffer}
$$
* **Backing reserves** guarantee every circulating token can be redeemed at the floor price
* **Buffer reserves** enable price discovery above the floor
### Baseline Value (BLV)
[BLV](/docs/how-it-works/blv) is the guaranteed floor price that determines how backing reserves are allocated:
$$
P_{blv} = \frac{y_{backing}}{c}
$$
Equivalently:
$$
y_{backing} = P_{blv} \cdot c
$$
This invariant is enforced programmatically at the smart contract level, ensuring every circulating token can be redeemed at, or above, the floor price. The BLV can never decrease but, through the token's market making operations, the BLV can increase over time.
### The Buffer Invariant
Buffer reserves follow a power-law curve based on inventory ratio:
$$
y_{buffer}\cdot \left(\frac{x}{c}\right)^2 = K
$$
The invariant maintains a constant K by adjusting buffer reserves based on the inventory ratio (x/c):
* High circulation (x is small, c is large): Inventory ratio is low, so buffer reserves are large. The pool deploys deep liquidity to facilitate price discovery as tokens trade actively.
* Low circulation (x is large, c is small): Inventory ratio is high, so buffer reserves shrink. The pool withdraws liquidity as it absorbs supply, transitioning from price discovery to price protection at the floor.
### Liquidity Efficiency
[BMM](/docs/how-it-works/bmm) allocates liquidity based on two ratios that work together.
**Inventory Ratio** measures pool inventory relative to circulating supply:
$$
R_{inventory} = \frac{x}{c}
$$
**Buffer Ratio** measures buffer reserves relative to total reserves in the pool:
$$
R_{buffer} = \frac{y_{buffer}}{y}
$$
Traditional AMMs ignore these relationships, which causes problems in extreme states. BMM, on the other hand, maintains a bounded liquidity efficiency:
$$
L_{efficiency} = R_{buffer} \times R_{inventory}
$$
This ensures liquidity allocation stays efficient across all circulation states. As inventory ratio increases, buffer ratio decreases proportionally, preventing the system from over-allocating liquidity when it should be protecting the floor.
## Example
The chart below shows pool inventory on the x-axis and total reserves on the y-axis. The blue area represents backing reserves required to buyback all circulating supply at the floor. The green area represents buffer reserves available for price discovery.
## Baseline vs Traditional AMMs
Traditional constant-product AMMs (xy=k) have a fundamental limitation: they deploy all reserves for trading with no floor protection. Using the definitions above, in xyk systems, we have:
* $y_{backing} = 0$ (no concept of backing reserves)
* $y_{buffer} = y$ (all reserves used for price discovery)
* $P_{blv} = 0$ (no floor price, tokens can go to zero)
* $L_{efficiency} \rightarrow \infty$ as $c \rightarrow 0$
This creates several problems:
* **Liquidity mismatch**: Pools quote without knowing float, causing either low-float pumps (too much liquidity) or death spirals (too little liquidity)
* **Value leakage**: Reserves get extracted even when the system should be protecting them
* **No defensive mechanism**: Traditional AMMs don't transition from price discovery to price protection
BMM solves this by being circulation-aware and splitting reserves into backing and buffer. As circulation collapses, BMM automatically withdraws buffer liquidity and transitions to price protection, preventing the distortions that plague traditional AMMs.
## Key Concepts
* **[Baseline Value (BLV)](/docs/how-it-works/blv)**: The guaranteed floor price mechanism
* **[Baseline Market Maker (BMM)](/docs/how-it-works/bmm)**: The circulating-supply-aware AMM
* **[Fees](/docs/how-it-works/fees)**: How fees grow the floor price
# What is Baseline? (/docs)
## Tokens as assets, not liabilities
Today, the process of launching a token is risky, expensive, and time-consuming. Instead of building, founders are figuring out smart contracts, negotiating with market makers, and optimizing their tokenomics. As a result, launching a token today causes more problems than it solves.
Every step in a token's lifecycle presents a different obstacle:
1. **Misconfigured setup**: Imbalances in supply and liquidity can result in easy manipulation and ineffective price discovery. That's why over [85% of all tokens](https://x.com/mementoresearch/status/2003089388511604744) end up below their TGE price.
2. **Counterparty risk**: One rogue action from your investors, market makers or exchange can jeopardize your entire project.
3. **Ongoing costs**: Once launched, tokens become a liability as you have to manage operations, liquidity and holder expectations.
Baseline was built to solve these problems by turning a token from a liability that works against projects, into an asset that works for them.
## The end-to-end asset issuance protocol
In Baseline, tokens own their liquidity, and automatically manage it to grow value over time. By using Baseline, founders save time, prevent costly mistakes, and automate the entire token lifecycle. Founders configure launch parameters, and Baseline does the rest: token deployment, liquidity management and value accrual.
* **Token-Owned Liquidity:** Instead of depending on unreliable counterparties, Baseline tokens operate programmatically, transparently and in perpetuity with no cost.
* **Value Accrual:** By managing its own liquidity, the token captures trading fees as revenue, and grows its own value over time.
* **Capital Coordination:** Baseline tokens have built-in utility like real yield, borrowing without interest, and leverage without liquidation.
By rethinking token design from first principles, Baseline tokens move beyond static limitations of traditional equity to programmable assets that actively grow the economies they represent.
[Launch a Token](/docs/projects)
## Beyond zero-sum trading
Traditional token trading is a zero-sum game with binary choices: hold and wait for a pump, or sell to access capital. Baseline gives traders optionality on how to manage and grow their portfolio.
* **Guaranteed floor price:** Baseline establishes the point at which the risk-reward profile is the most asymmetric, backstopping negative market reflexivity.
* **Incentives to hold:** Baseline captures and distributes LP fees to holders, harvesting volume into yield automatically.
* **Access to Capital:** Baseline gives the ability to borrow with no interest and no liquidation risk, making every token a permanent source of liquidity when needed.
With token-owned liquidity, Baseline offers programmatic guarantees that no other assets can, fundamentally rewriting the game theory of token trading.
[Learn More](/docs/holders/trade)
# Points Program (/docs/points)
Baseline will launch a Points program when \$B goes live. Points earned will convert into a future airdrop. More details coming soon.
# Launch (/docs/projects/launch)
Interested in launching a token with Baseline? [Fill out this form](https://baselineprotocol.notion.site/302c1b2b222b8075b572da3f3799bf3b?pvs=105) and we'll be in touch shortly.
# Links (/docs/resources/links)
* [Website](https://baseline.markets/)
* [X](https://twitter.com/baselinemarkets)
* [Discord](https://discord.gg/baseline)
* [GitHub](https://github.com/0xbaseline)
# LLMs.txt (/docs/resources/llms-txt)
Baseline provides [llms.txt](https://llmstxt.org/) endpoints so that LLMs, AI agents, and other tools can consume our documentation programmatically.
## Endpoints
| Endpoint | Description |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`/llms.txt`](https://www.baseline.markets/llms.txt) | Overview of Baseline, key concepts, FAQ, and a linked index of all documentation pages |
| [`/docs/llms-full.txt`](https://www.baseline.markets/docs/llms-full.txt) | Full text of every documentation page in a single file |
| [`/docs/llms.mdx/{slug}`](https://www.baseline.markets/docs/llms.mdx/how-it-works/blv) | Raw MDX source for a single doc page (e.g. `how-it-works/blv`) |
| [`/blog/llms.txt`](https://www.baseline.markets/blog/llms.txt) | Blog index with post titles, dates, and descriptions |
| [`/blog/llms-full.txt`](https://www.baseline.markets/blog/llms-full.txt) | Full text of every blog post |
## Usage
Start with `/llms.txt` for an overview and index. Use `/docs/llms-full.txt` to ingest all documentation at once, or fetch individual pages via `/docs/llms.mdx/{slug}` when you only need specific topics.
All endpoints return plain text with a 1-hour cache (`Cache-Control: public, max-age=3600`).
# Migration FAQ (/docs/resources/migration-faq)
Frequently asked questions about the Baseline Mercury migration (April 20, 2026).
## What is Baseline and what is \$B?
The Baseline protocol is pioneering the concept of Token-Owned Liquidity where tokens automatically manage their liquidity to grow value over time. Baseline tokens come with their [own AMM](https://x.com/BaselineMarkets/status/2044809031026614723) and bonding curve that gives every token a floor price and features such as staking to earn trading fees, borrowing with no expiration, and leveraging without liquidation.
\$B will be the ecosystem token that accrues value from the Baseline protocol.
***
## What is Mercury and why is there a migration?
Mercury is the new Baseline protocol upgrade. It upgrades the AMM curve and pool architecture while keeping the same core mechanics: token-owned liquidity, BLV floor, and DeFi utilities (stake, borrow, multiply). All supported tokens migrate from the legacy deployment into Mercury on April 20.
***
## How are \$YES and \$B related?
\$YES is being migrated from Base L2 to Ethereum Mainnet L1 and rebranded as \$B token. All balances will transfer 1:1. Borrowed positions and looped positions will be combined into a single Credit position (collateral balances summed, debt summed).
**NO ACTION REQUIRED**. Just check your wallets when the migration is finished.
***
## When is the migration starting?
Migration will start at \~06:00 UTC on April 20, 2026
***
## What does the migration process look like?
The migration process will follow the following steps:
1. Pause the legacy pool for each token.
2. Snapshot the token balances, including spot, collateral and debt positions across borrows and loops.
3. Migrate the balances to Mercury.
4. Deploy and unlock the pool for each token.
5. Tokens are tradable.
During migration, tokens will be paused and not be tradable. We will also sunset [https://legacy.baseline.markets](https://legacy.baseline.markets) in preparation for the new Baseline Terminal.
***
## How long will the migration take?
We will start at \~06:00 UTC on April 20, 2026 and aim to finish within a few hours. Please check Discord for updates: [https://discord.com/invite/baseline](https://discord.com/invite/baseline)
***
## What tokens are migrating and in what order?
A: We will migrate tokens in the following order on April 20th: BLT, FLAPPY, AI, BSR,\$YES. ONYX will be migrated on April 22nd.
***
## Do I need to claim anything after migration?
No. All spot balances, credit positions, and loop positions are migrated automatically. Just check your wallet at [app.baseline.markets/portfolio](https://app.baseline.markets/portfolio) once migration is complete.
***
## When will trading start?
Once the tokens are migrated and deployed, we will do quick verification checks & unlock. Tokens will become instantly tradable.
***
## I hold BLT, FLAPPY, AI, BSR, YES or ONYX. What happens to my positions?
All supported tokens are migrating. Spot balances transfer 1:1. Credit and loop positions carry over with the same economics. No action required before migration. After migration, check [app.baseline.markets/portfolio](https://app.baseline.markets/portfolio) for your updated positions.
**NO ACTION REQUIRED**. Just check your wallets when the migration is finished.
***
## Will the floor price (BLV) change?
No. The pool reserves that back the floor are migrated to Mercury as part of the same process. Your floor price carries over at its current level. The BLV on Mercury will reflect the same reserve-to-supply ratio as the legacy pool at the time of migration.
***
## Will the token contract address change?
Yes. Mercury uses new contract deployments, so all token and pool addresses will change. We will publish a single source-of-truth post with all new addresses once migration is complete. Update any watchlists, bots, or dashboards using old addresses.
***
## Where can I check my positions?
All information for your wallets will be available at [app.baseline.markets/portfolio](https://app.baseline.markets/portfolio) after migration.
***
## Can I get liquidated if I borrow or use leverage on the new Mercury upgrade?
No. Baseline Mercury has no liquidations. Borrow and leverage positions do not expire and accrue no interest. Opening a credit position (by borrowing or leveraging) costs a one-time 1% origination fee. Repaying debt and unlooping have no fee.
***
## I borrowed and also looped on the old protocol. What does it mean that loops and borrowed balances are combined into a single Credit balance?
On legacy YES, borrowing and looping were tracked in two different modules (Credit facility and Loop facility). Migration does not change the economics: your collateral and debt are carried over 1:1. On Mercury, that exposure is shown as one Credit position: a single collateral figure and a single debt figure instead of separate Credit vs Loop lines. Your net position is preserved. If you used both, you will see the totals combined in [app.baseline.markets/portfolio](https://app.baseline.markets/portfolio) after migration.
***
## How can I launch a Baseline token?
Chat with us in Discord: [https://discord.com/invite/baseline](https://discord.com/invite/baseline)
# Terms of Service (/docs/resources/tos)
Last Updated: Feb 21, 2025
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# Capital Formation Theory (/docs/theory/capital-formation)
This page archives the theoretical framework for understanding how Baseline fits into broader capital formation patterns.
## Why Token Markets Are Broken
In traditional markets, these four components are owned by separate entities with conflicting incentives:
* **Fundraising**: Capital forms off-market through private rounds, or IPOs managed by banks
* **Market structure**: Market makers are third-party intermediaries providing liquidity for self-interested reasons
* **Price discovery**: Exchanges match orders without knowledge of the underlying capital structure, creating disconnected price signals
* **Balance sheet**: Balance sheets are opaque and controlled by management, or through offchain accounting and corporate filings
Capital formation in crypto has evolved through several phases:
| Era | Mechanism | Problem |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| **ICOs** | Crowdsales with no liquidity | No price discovery mechanism |
| **Traditional AMMs** | xy=k pools, LP tokens | Value extraction, impermanent loss |
| **Protocol-Owned Liquidity** | Bonds, DAO-owned LP | Vague definition, varied goals |
| **Token-Owned Liquidity** | Baseline | Native balance sheets, designed growth |
Each attempt merged some components, but with limited success:
* ICOs disconnect fundraise from liquidity bootstrapping. Projects raise capital, but still depend on professional market makers or exchanges to facilitate liquidity and trading
* AMMs provided a 24/7 liquidity solution with bonding curves, but require projects to rent liquidity via pool2 incentives, adding downward pressure on the token's price through continued emissions
* AMMs provide no backing guarantees, and perform poorly at price discovery, creating volatility and easy manipulation. Any value accrual is extracted by professional traders, leaving nothing for the token itself. The token price ends up looking like a pump-and-dump, losing trust with community and hurting the project's brand reputation
This explains why [over 85% of tokens](https://x.com/mementoresearch/status/2003089388511604744) trade below their launch price.
## The Four Components Framework
Every market, whether stocks, bonds, or tokens, operates through four interconnected components:
1. **Fundraising** is where money enters the system. In traditional markets, this happens through IPOs, private rounds, or bond issuance. In crypto, it's presales, ICOs, or fair launches.
2. **Balance Sheet** is where value is stored and accounted for. In traditional markets, this is done offchain in corporate filings and accounting departments. In crypto, this is done onchain either through multisigs or DAOs.
3. **Market Structure** defines liquidity depth, where it concentrates, how much supply should be sold (or be bought back), and encodes rules for updating based on order flows. In traditional markets, this is done through large exchanges (e.g. NYSE, NASDAQ) and order books. In crypto, this can be done through Centralized Exchanges (CEX) and order books, or through Decentralized Exchanges (DEX) and Automated Market Makers (AMMs) and liquidity pools.
4. **Price Discovery** is the trade-by-trade process of finding what buyers will pay and sellers will accept. Prices, and thereby volatility, emerge from the interaction of supply available for sale, demand wanting the asset, and the available market structure to support the trade. In traditional markets, this is done with the help of professional market makers (i.e. Citadel). In crypto, this is still done with the help of professional market makers (i.e. Wintermute), but increasingly through algorithmic market makers (i.e. Baseline).
## How Components Interact
These four components are tightly coupled and influence each other continuously:
* Fundraising enables an initial market structure to emerge
* Through liquidity bootstrapping, and a pricing mechanism, the market structure facilitates price discovery
* Through marginal price, liquidity depth, and slippage, price discovery either begets more liquidity, or depletes it, thereby influencing the market structure
* Through trading activity thanks to a well-designed market structure, the balance sheet is strengthened or weakened, and the market structure is updated accordingly
* As balance sheet grows baseline value, and book value, the token becomes more valuable, attracting more fundraising
* As price discovery happens, market cap increases, and healthy liquidity depth attracts more fundraising
When these components work together, markets are stable and efficient. When they're misaligned, markets become chaotic.
## How Baseline Unifies the Framework
Baseline combines fundraising, balance sheet, market structure, and price discovery into a unified system called [Token-Owned Liquidity](/docs/how-it-works/tol):
1. **Token owns Market Structure (Baseline Market Maker)**: Through the [Baseline Market Maker (BMM)](/docs/how-it-works/bmm), the token manages its own liquidity using a custom bonding curve. Unlike Uniswap's constant-product formula that spreads liquidity thin, BMM creates capital-efficient markets that take into account circulating supply and price.
2. **Token owns Balance Sheet (Baseline Value)**: Through the [Baseline Value (BLV)](/docs/how-it-works/blv), reserves back a guaranteed floor price that can only increase. Unlike traditional tokens with no backing, BLV is intrinsic value guaranteed by the token.
3. **Token guides Price Discovery**: Because the token controls its own liquidity, it sets the depth, slippage, and marginal price of the token. Furthermore, since it's circulating supply aware, it can adjust liquidity to optimize for value accretion.
4. **Trading activity strengthens the system**: Through fee capture and floor growth, every trade increases the token's value. By owning the liquidity, the token owns all trading fees, making it a revenue-generating asset. The fees go to raising BLV over time, and increasing the token's book value.
# Token-Owned Liquidity (TOL) (/docs/theory/tol)
Token-Owned Liquidity (TOL) means the **token itself owns and manages its liquidity position**. Instead of renting liquidity from external market makers or incentivizing mercenary liquidity providers, the token maintains its own market.
This is Baseline's answer to the capital formation problem: balance sheets should be **native to the market**.
## Why TOL Matters
Historically, tokens externalized liquidity management in a variety of ways:
* **Professional market makers**: Projects partner with professional market makers to manage their liquidity pool. The terms of the deal are signed off-chain and are often expensive, requiring projects to give up a percent of their supply to the market maker, either at the time of the deal, or structured as call options.
* **Initial Exchange Offerings (IEOs)**: Projects partner with centralized exchanges to list their token. This creates a dependency on the exchange for liquidity and trading. These deals are often slow and, even worse, require projects to give up a percent of their supply to the exchange.
* **Rented liquidity**: Projects incentivize transient liquidity with token emissions that get farmed and dumped. Pool2 farming, popular in DeFi summer, is a prime example.
* **Automated Liquidity Management (ALM)**: Projects use automated liquidity management services to manage their liquidity pool. These services are a combination of rented liquidity and professional market making, suffering from the same issues.
In all cases, externalizing liquidity management makes liquidity an ongoing cost to the project, and ensures that any value built up through trading gets extracted by third parties.
Projects that have tried to internalize liquidity management quickly realized the challenge of working with AMMs. For example, poorly configured xy=k curves quote price per token that vastly undervalues the token in low float scenarios. Launching the pools yourself runs the risk of selling supply for cheap or getting supply sniped. In all cases, the project is forced to pay a premium in form of opportunity cost, that may be difficult to recover from.
Token-Owned Liquidity solves these issues by internalizing the responsibilities of liquidity management, and aligning the rules to token value.
| Aspect | Rented Liquidity | TOL (Baseline) |
| ------------------ | --------------------- | ------------------------ |
| **Ownership** | Market makers | Token itself |
| **Costs** | Ongoing payments | None |
| **Fee Capture** | Lost to third parties | Revenue-generating asset |
| **Floor Price** | None | Guaranteed BLV |
| **Sustainability** | Mercenary | Structural |
The x-axis represents pool inventory and y-axis represents total reserves. The blue area represents the backing reserves required to buyback circulating supply at the floor. The green area represents the buffer reserves available for price discovery. The sum of both areas equals total reserves.
### Baseline Value (BLV)
The Baseline Value (BLV) is the guaranteed floor price, defined as backing reserves divided by circulating supply:
$$
P_{blv} = \frac{y_{backing}}{c}
$$
BLV is the minimum price at which any holder can exit, regardless of market conditions. Learn more about [BLV](/docs/how-it-works/blv).
### Book Price
The book price is total reserves divided by circulating supply:
$$
P_{book} = \frac{y}{c}
$$
Book price represents the total value backing each circulating token, including both guaranteed floor and speculative buffer.
## Benefits of TOL
* **Transparency**: All liquidity, reserves, and accounting are onchain and verifiable. No off-chain deals or hidden terms.
* **Guarantees**: Every token has a guaranteed floor price (BLV) that can only increase. Holders always have an exit.
* **Programmability**: Liquidity rules are encoded in smart contracts, enabling composability with other DeFi protocols like borrowing and leverage.
* **Revenue-generating**: Trading fees flow to the token's balance sheet, increasing BLV over time. Your token becomes a revenue-generating asset instead of paying market makers to provide liquidity.